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Autonomy Tiers

Concepts

Autonomy tiers classify how much independent action an agent identity is trusted to take, per the CSA NIST AI RMF Agentic Profile. AIControls uses the tier to scale policy enforcement automatically — the same governance model applies whether an agent is fully supervised or fully autonomous.

The four tiers

TierNameMeaning
T1Human-directedEvery action is reviewed by a human before or immediately after it happens.
T2Semi-autonomousThe agent acts independently within policy guardrails; high-risk actions are logged for review. Default for unassigned agents.
T3Highly autonomousThe agent acts independently across a broad range of tasks; behavior is continuously monitored against a baseline.
T4Fully autonomousThe agent operates with minimal oversight; privileged operations require human-in-the-loop (HITL) approval per the CSA NIST profile.

Tiers are ordered by increasing independence, not by trust or risk ranking on their own — a T4 agent isn't "more dangerous" than a T1 agent, it's simply granted more room to act before a human is consulted. Governance compensates by tightening automated oversight (behavioral monitoring, HITL on privileged ops) as the tier rises.

Default tier

Every agent identity resolves to a tier. Agents with no explicit assignment resolve to T2 (Semi-autonomous) — this is the safe default: independent operation within policy guardrails, with high-risk tool calls logged. There is no "unassigned" state visible to policies; object.agent.autonomyTier is never empty.

An admin assigns a tier explicitly per agent from the Identities page — see Assign Autonomy Tiers. The assignment takes effect fleet-wide within about 30 seconds.

CEL policy fields

Two fields are available on every agent identity in policy context:

FieldTypeDescription
object.agent.autonomyTierstring"T1""T4". Never empty — unassigned agents resolve to "T2".
object.agent.autonomyLevelintThe same tier as a number, 14. Use for range checks.
# Match a specific tier
- expression: object.agent.autonomyTier == 'T4'

# Match T3 and above
- expression: object.agent.autonomyLevel >= 3

See Policy Context for the full field list.

Built-in policies

Four built-in policies ship enabled in Audit mode, under the Autonomy Governance category:

PolicyTierWhat it does
autonomy-t1-audit-allT1Records every action taken by a T1 agent, since the CSA NIST profile expects each one to be human-reviewed.
autonomy-t2-high-risk-toolsT2Audits high-risk tool calls (file writes, shell execution, database mutations, kubectl mutations) made by T2 agents — the default tier.
autonomy-t3-behavior-monitorT3+Records all actions of T3 and T4 agents to feed behavioral baselines and budget review, satisfying the profile's continuous-monitoring requirement.
autonomy-t4-hitl-privilegedT4Flags privileged/write operations by T4 agents. Ships in Audit mode so upgrades never change behavior — switch it to Require Approval to enforce the CSA NIST T4 HITL requirement for real.

All four start in Audit mode: enabling the tier model never blocks anything by itself. Graduate autonomy-t4-hitl-privileged to Require Approval once you've reviewed what it would have caught — see Replay.

note

Quarantine is the T4 kill switch. If a fully autonomous agent needs to be stopped immediately rather than routed through HITL approval, quarantine the identity from Identities — this suspends the agent outright regardless of tier.

What the product does not do

The CSA NIST Agentic Profile recommends periodic reassessment of an agent's assigned tier (annual, quarterly, or monthly depending on risk). AIControls does not schedule or track these reviews — tier reassessment is an organizational process your team runs against its own cadence; the product's job is to enforce whichever tier is currently assigned.

See also